Pdf urinalysis is a routine screening and diagnostic tool that can be used to identify infections and diseases. When urine stands at room temperature for a long time, casts and red cells undergo lysis, and the urine becomes alkalinized with precipitation of salts. Although urinalysis is not recommended as a routine screening tool except in women who may be pregnant, physicians should know how to interpret urinalysis results correctly. Renal capsule a layer of fibrous connective tissue covering the kidneys. And because the site is constantly being updated, numbered endnotes would be unmanageable. Color and turbidity clear, hazy, cloudy, amber, straw red. In the dipstick urinalysis, a color change in each reagent strip is examined. Part of the lecture notes in computer science book series lncs, volume 8407. Document the time and date that the urinalysis was performed as this may be significantly different than the time you are documenting 2. Urinalysis and body fluids by susan king strasinger. In this lecture material the routine urine test, physical, chemical and microscopic examination of urine are briefly discussed and it is a preparation which is intended to solve the critical shortage of reference materials on the subject for students and health professionals.
Bch 376 urinalysis lecture notes free download as pdf file. Ppt urinalysis powerpoint presentation free to download. The need for trained human resources in the field is, therefore, very essential not only for patient care but also for preventive measures. This lecture note is primarily prepared for medical laboratory technology students pursuing their studies at bachelorrate. In this lecture material the routine urine test, physical. The tests in a clinical chemistry laboratory measure concentrations of biologically important ions salts and minerals, small organic molecules and large macromolecules primarily proteins. Students using these during lecture strongly prefer this. Khalid alani renal functions endocrine functionsrenin erythropoietin. Direct observation to note color, odor, and consistency.
Specifically, the urinary system cleans the blood of metabolic wastes, which are substances produced by the body that it cannot. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. It has a slight odor, and some laboratories will note strong or atypical odors on the. Y examination of urine provides info regarding diseases of the kidney and lower urinary tract y clinical lab disciplines involved in urinalysis. If you use an unspun sample, make a note that you have done so. Historical perspectives and clinical application springerlink. This guide provides a structured approach to documenting urinalysis results in a patients notes, with included examples. Looking forward, each chapter concludes with patterns for future research.
Always wear gloves whilst messing about with another persons pee. Patient 1 normal urine is known as a liquid which is a product of the body after secretion of the kidney, which is two fists sized organs, located in the lower back, and are the main site of urine production. Recurrent infection prior infection unresolved with antibiotics. The urinalysis hippocrates 430377 bc noted that the condition of urine could reflect health. Anatom y of u rinary system renal austin community college. The book explores how we can better understand disease and its treatment through clinical immunology. Study 151 urinalysis lecture flashcards from kunjal r. Urinalysis ua general urine examination gue uit is a general test for evaluation of renal function u fresh sample valid sample uphysical, uchemical and umacroscopic examination urinalysis uaconti physical examination includes uappearance colour, turbidity u ph uspecific gravity and osmolality umicroscopic examination includes sediments. Sep 25, 2016 urine analysis, also called urinalysis one of the oldest laboratory procedures in the practice of medicine. A routine urinalysis usually includes the following tests. Mlab 11 urinalysisbody fluids syllabus, fall 2014 4. Course powerpoint lecture notesin pdf format useful for notetaking. For routine urinalysis, a fresh less than 1h old, cleancatch urine sample is acceptable.
Urinalysis procedure, test, blood, tube, time, infection, medication. How to document urinalysis results in the notes geeky medics. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Biology 20 alveena munir, tayyabeen kazmi, ekman sohi lab. Histology biol 4000 excretory system lecture notes 14. Urinalysis urinary system purpose general evaluation of health diagnosis of disease or disorders of the kidneys or urinary tract diagnosis of other systemic disease. Through history, people created charts of urine color to help diagnose disease and by the 17th century, practitioners began tasting urine to help diagnose diabetes. In very dilute urine, small quantities of chemicals may be undetectable. Sometimes turbidity may be due to phosphate or carbonate precipitation. A urinalysis is a simple test that looks at a small sample of your urine.
Unit supplemental sop for urinalysis procedures office symbol subject. Clinical chemistry is the branch of laboratory medicine that focuses primarily on molecules. Interpretation of the urinalysis part 3 microscopy and summary duration. Sep 27, 2015 an overview of the components of a ua, along with discussion of urine color and turbidity.
Urinalysis was the first laboratory test performed in medicine and has been used for several thousand years. In this reference, case studies and clinical situations analyze and explore the clinical significance of nonblood body fluids and are designed to aid students in developing the skills of problem solving and critical thinking that are essential in a clinical laboratory. Then the remaining organs of the urinary systemthose of the urinary tracttransport, store, and eventually eliminate urine from the body. See section 6 for more detail about specific analytes. The strengths of each chapter are the understandable learning objectives, key terms, case studies, clinical situations depicted, and technical tips. Richard vandell, ms mtascpsc, sh contact numbers tel. Therefore, this lecture is developed to fill the existing gap and strengthen the teaching learning processes. Urine analysis, also called urinalysis one of the oldest laboratory procedures in the practice of medicine. Brief economic history of the pharmaceutical industry.
This lecture will concentrate on the historical perspective of phlebotomy, and show that mans initial fascination with his blood and body fluids has had a direct influence on the study of biomedical science today. Before we discuss how to document the urinalysis itself, we. Lecture notes for medical laboratory technology students urinalysis assamenew kassa, b. Urine is an unstable fluid, and changes to its composition begin to take place as soon as it is voided. Free textbooks of medical laboratory technology in pdf.
Intelligent method for dipstick urinalysis using smartphone camera. Renal cortex outer region of the kidneys where most enthrones is located. Develop a unit welcoming program for all those new to the unit. Today urinalysis continues to be a powerful tool in obtaining crucial information for diagnostic purposes in medicine. Urinalysis is often done as part of a general health evaluation, but ua can also. Urinalysis has become more sophisticated since those times, but the. Urinalysis is the examination of urine for certain physical properties, solutes, cells, casts, crystals, organisms, or particulate matter. To demonstrate preparedness, students are expected to have already printed the days lecture notes and laboratory exercises when they come to class and the laboratory. Urinalysis and body fluids, 6th edition laboratory medicine. The most important lesson from 83,000 brain scans daniel amen tedxorangecoast duration. Bladder site where urine is collected and stored until urination d. Supplemental sop for urinalysis procedures the substitution of ro for ir or io testing or vice versa is not permitted.
Harrisons pathophysiology animations harrisons podclass human anatomy modules lectures patient interview. New arrivals will be briefed within 30 days on local policies prevention procedures, and drug free. Hence, great emphasis should be given to this subject matter so as to train qualified, competent and task oriented medical laboratory technologists. The format of each chapter is clear, concise, and easy to follow. The urinary system is composed of the paired and the kidneysurinary tract. Bladder site where urine is collected and stored until urination. The organ system that performs this function in humansthe urinary systemis the topic of this chapter. Jan 15, 20 place 5 to 10 ml of clear urine in test tube.
The urinalysis is a simple and noninvasive test that provides valuable information. Today urinalysis continues to be a powerful tool in obtaining crucial information for. Urinalysis and body fluids, 6th edition laboratory. Kidney stones arup laboratories university of utah. The urinalysis is a set of screening tests that can provide a general overview of a persons health. Practica encompass the clinical areas of hematologycoagulation, urinalysis, clinical chemistry, microbiology, clinical immunology, and immunohematology program director. Whats available online, and for whom, is always changing.
If the analysis cannot be performed immediately, refrigerate the sample. Interpretation of the urinalysis part 2 the dipstick duration. In addition to knowing how to perform urinalysis, its also important to understand how to appropriately document urinalysis results in a patients notes. Urinalysis lecture at northwestern university feinberg school. Ureters carry urine to bladder, one from each kidney. General urine examination gue or urinalysis microscopic urinalysis methodology a sample of wellmixed urine usually 1015 ml is centrifuged in a test tube at relatively low speed about 23,000 rpm for 510 minutes until a moderately cohesive button is produced at the bottom of the tube. Anatomy of the urinary system kidneys a pair of bean shaped organs located retroperitoneally, responsible for blood filtering and urine formation.
Since the chemical urinalysis is so easy, youll perform it frequently in your practice. If a urine sample looks grossly cloudy, it is sometimes advisable to examine an unspun sample. Microscopic urinalysis used to confirm and further define a positive dipstick urinalysis will provide quantity of bacteria allows for eventual speciation and sensitivity testing to be completed, in order to guide therapy often used in patients with. Interpretation of the urinalysis part 1 introduction and. Urinalysis lecture at northwestern university feinberg school of medicine studyblue flashcards. Mlab 11 uabf course powerpoint lecture notes pdfs and laboratory exercises. In this module, we first examine the basic structures of the urinary system, and then turn to the functional roles of the kidneys.
The pharmaceutical industry and the drug development process. A complete urinalysis includes physical, chemical, and microscopic examinations. Urinalysis physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of urine involves many tests to detect and measure various compounds that pass through the urine also used to detect the presence of an infection in the urinary tract. Medical laboratory sciences clinical practicum handbook. Urinalysis interpretation university of wisconsinmadison. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Urinalysis lecture at northwestern university feinberg. Mlab 11 urinalysisbody fluids syllabus, fall 2014 1. The organs of the urinary system are organs of excretionthey remove wastes and water from the body. Essential clinical immunology begins with the basic concepts and then details the immunological aspects of various disease states involving major organs of the body. Interpretation of the urinalysis part 1 introduction. If turbidity develops add 12 drops of glacial acetic acid. Kidneys semetrically paired organs that form the urine.
Immerse the dipstick completely in the specimen of fresh urine. Mar, 2010 urinalysis was the first laboratory test performed in medicine and has been used for several thousand years. Urine samples and urinalysis article pdf available in nursing standard. It can also help find serious diseases in the early stages, like chronic kidney disease, diabetes, or liver disease. Those dipsticks make a pretty good catapult for drops of eyeballseeking urine. The kidneys filter the blood to remove metabolic wastes and then modify the resulting fluid, which allows these organs to maintain fluid, electrolyte, acidbase, and blood pressure homeostasis. Free textbooks of medical laboratory technology in pdf download by idowu olabode.
It can help find conditions that may need treatment, including infections or kidney problems. Urine analysis 4 release them sporadically during the day which means they may be missed by a single urine sample. Pour 510 ml of wellmixed urine into a centrifuge tube. The real, hidden expense of urinalysis comes from its sensitivity, because it may prompt further studies that in the vast majority of people do not lead to the discovery of treatable disease. Midstream clean collection is acceptable in most situations, but the specimen should be examined within. Mlab 11 urinalysisbody fluids uabf is structured to meet the mlab program goals addressing, but not limited to. In my notes, the most helpful current journal references are embedded in the text.
123 641 1070 678 195 1418 1473 871 1395 66 1443 735 912 672 154 1072 575 481 760 310 493 424 1405 1281 1102 88 587 1019 1420 1101 1336 1380